Most Indian homes run on a single-phase 230 V supply. Larger homes with heavy loads — multiple ACs, a big pump, an EV charger — may need a three-phase 415 V connection so no single phase is overloaded.
| Single-phase (230 V) | Three-phase (415 V) | |
|---|---|---|
| Typical use | Standard homes, loads up to ~5–7 kW | Large homes / heavy loads above ~7 kW |
| Conductors | 1 live + neutral (+ earth) | 3 live + neutral (+ earth) |
| Load balancing | All load on one phase | Split across three phases |
| Heavy appliances | Limited | Handles multiple ACs, motors, EV |
If you are adding an EV charger or several ACs, ask your electrician whether a three-phase connection is worthwhile. Size each circuit with the wire-size calculator.
Guidance only. Figures follow common Indian domestic practice (IS 732 / IS 694), assume copper conductors unless stated, and depend on run length, grouping, ambient temperature and installation. Always have the final design confirmed by a licensed electrician.